Testing-machine.



F. D. GARNEY & G. J. GADD.

.TESTING MAGHINB.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 4. 190a,

Patented ,Apr. 19, 1910.

L m n film.

F. D. GARNEY & 0. J. GADD.

TESTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 4, 1908.

Patented Apr. 19, 1910.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Witnaooeo UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRANK D. CARNEY AND CHARLES J. GAIDD, OF STEEL'I'ON, PENNSYLVANIA,ASSIGNOHS TO THE PENNSYLVANIA STEEL COMPANY, OF PHILADELPHIA,PENNSYLVANIA, A

CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

TESTING-MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 19, 1910.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, FRANK D. CARNEY and CHARLES J. GADD, both citizensof the United States, residing at and whose postoifice address isSteelton, county of Danphin, State of Pennsylvania, United States ofAmerica, have invented certain new and iiseful Improvements -inTesting-Machines; and we do hereby declare the following to be a full,clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enableothers skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use thesame, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to lettersor figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of thisspecification.

This invention relates to machines for experimentally testing thefrictional wear between any two desired substances and to this endembodies a movable or rotatable bed, traversable' means containing thetestpiece supports, and mechanism to simultaneously rotate and revolvesaid supports, together with details of construction -hereinafterdescribed and particularly pointed out in the claims.

Referring to the drawings in which like parts are similarly desi ated,Figurel is a View partly in side citation and partly in vertical sectionembodying the invention. Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the same. Fig. 3is a plan of so much of the machine as is necessary for an understandingof the invention; I

The frame 2 isprovided with lateral housings 3 connected together attheir top by a tie rail 4.. On the frame 2 is a movable table andreferably, but not necessarily, a rotating ta ,le or bed 5 provided onits under side with a bevel gear wheel 6 meshing with a pinion 7 onashaft 8 that is rovided with a step d belt pulley 9 driven y a belt 10which t is in turn driven from a stepped pulley 48 on the main drivingshaft 11. This shaftis provided with a miter gear 12 meshin and 14 onsha 15 and 161 respectively. The shaft 15 has at its opposite end amiter gear 19 meshing with one 17 on the vertical shaft 18 on theopposite side of'machine.

with two miter gears 13- The vertical shafts 18 and 16 are provided withslidable spiral gears 20 and \21 re-.

spectively, meshing with spiral gears 22 and 23 on shafts 24 and 25. Theshafts 24 and 25 are mounted in a cross rail 26 which is verticallyadjustable on the housings 3, and which carries the cases in which thegears 20 and 22, and 21 and 23 are mounted. The shafts 16 and 18 arecapable of sliding through the spiral cars 20 and 21 mounted on themrespectivefi The parts above described are common to well known boringmachines and form no part of the present invention.

For the purposes of this invention the miter gear wheel 17 is loose onshaft 18 and has opposite it a similar miter wheel 17 a also loose onsaid shaft. Both of these miter wheels are in engagement with the miterwheel 19 and are capable of being clutched to the shaft by a clutchmember 50, that is carried by a pivoted arm 51 connected to a rod 53. Onthe rod 53 is a vertically adjustable block 56 enga ed by a bell cranklever 57 mounted on the end of'the vertically adjustable cross rail 26.Cross rail 26 carries a saddle .27, invwhich is mounted mechanismpresently to be described. The upper shaft 25 that is mounted in therail 26, carries a worm 28- that meshes with a worm wheel 29 rigidlysecured to a drum 30 mounted in the saddle 27. The worm 28 is slidablyconnected to shaft 25 in any well known manner. Through the center ofdrum 30 passes a stationary central sus ending pin 31 connected by athreaded s ank 32 to a sleeve 32 slidab y held on a stationary rod 33mounted in brackets 341 extending from the housings of the machine.

Rigidlysecured to the in 31 is a stationary spur wheel 35 with w ichmeshes one or more gear wheels or pinions 36 there being three suchpinions 36 shown in the drawings. Each of these pinions 36 is connectedto a sleeve 37 and the sleeves themselves are mounted in the drumso asto be capable of rotation. The pinions 36 act as planet gears withrespect to s ur wheel 35 and rotate the sleeves 34 when rum 30 isrotated.

Slidably, but not rotatively mounted in each sleeve 37 is a shaft 38,shown as a square shaft, having at its upper end a thrust ball bearing39 engaged by lug 40 on a lever 41 pivoted at 42 to a rotatable collar43 or other suitable device on the suspending pin 31. On each lever 41is mounted an adjustable weight 44. On the bottom of each of the squareshafts 38, carried in the sleeves 37 is a clutch 45 of any suitableform, in which is clamped the piece of material to be tested. On the bed5 18 secured the wearing surface 46 against which the specimens beingtested, or shapes used for the purpose of the test, and here shown byway of example as sections of'rail 47, are pressed by reason of theweights 44, acting on the thrust hearings on the upper ends of thesquare shafts 38. The saddle 27 has fixed to it lugs 54 that slide onrod 52 mounted on the cross rail 26, said lugs capable of strikingadjustable stops 55 on rod 52 to move said rod to actuate the bell cranklever 57 and its connections to throw the clutch 50 at the end of eachtraverse'of the saddle 26. a

.The operation of the machine is as follows: Power is applied to thedriving shaft 11. This shaft 11 carries the step pulley 48 that drivesby belt 49 the similar pulley 50 on the shaft 8, on which is mounted thebevel pinion 7 for driving the bevel gear 6 on the table 5 to rotatesaid table, and to which table is secured the wear surface 46. At thesame time the driving shaft 1-1 transmits power through miter gears 13and 14 to shafts 15 and 16. Shaft 16 drives through the spiral gears 21and 23 the shaft 25 which in turn actuates the worm to drive the drum30; while shaft 15 drives the miter gear 19 to rotate the miter gears 17and 17. Said miter wheels 17 or 17 being capable of being clutched toshaft 18'by means of clutch 50 that is operated by a lever 51 which ismoved by the rod 53. The rod 53 is moved by the bell crank lever 56while the latter is actuated'by rod 52 when the lugs 54 mounted onsaddle 27 contact with the adjustable stops 55 mounted on rod- 52. Uponsuch contact continued movement of the saddle changes the clutchengagement to reverse the direction of movement of the shaft 18. Theshaft 18 then through spiral gears 20 and 22 rotates the screw 24 in theone or the other direction to traverse the saddle 27. The specimens orsamples 47 are therefore traversed across the bed, revolved about thecenter of the suspending pin 31 and at the same time given rotary motionabout the center of shafts 38, while at the same time the wear plate 46is rotated. The efiectof these various movements of the specimens is toproduce a rubbing action between one or more s ecimens held or securedon the ends of sha ts 38 and urged a ainst the wear plate 46. This isespecia y valuable in causing friction between different specimens ofmaterial, and the standard or selected specimens, here shown, aresections of rails 47 Wearing against a plate 46. Specimens 47 are ofdifferent. degrees of hardness or processes of manufacture. Any materialmay be so tested by being held to the ends of shafts 38', or thequalities of lubricants may be tested between suitable upper and lowersurfaces.

We claim:

1. In a testing machine, the combination with a rotatable bed; of meansabove the bed and perpendicular thereto to support a specimen to betested, means to revolve the supporting means, means actuated by therevolution of the supporting means to simultaneously and continuouslyrotate said supporting means about its axis, and means traveling withthe supporting means to uniformly load it.

2. in a testing machine, the combination with a rotatable bed; of aslidable spindle perpendicular to the bed to support a specimen to betested, means to continuously revolv'e the supporting means, and meansactuated by the revolution of the supporting means to simultaneously andcontinuously rotate said supporting means.

3. In a testing machine, the combination with a movable bed; of aspindle free to slide longitudinally to support aspecimen to be testedin frictional relation to the bed, means to continuously revolve thesupporting means, means actuated by the revolution of the supportingmeans to simultaneously and continuously rotate said supporting meansabout its axis, and means to move the bed during the revolution androtation of the supporting means.

4. In a testing machine, the combination with a movable bed; of meansperpendicular to the bed to support a specimen to be tested, means tocontinuously revolve the supporting means, means to simultaneously andcontinuously rotate said supporting means during the revolution thereof,means to traverse the supporting means across the bed, and means tocontinuously move the bed during the simultaneous revolution androtation of the supporting means.

5. In a testing machine the combination with a rotatable bed; of meansto support" a specimen to be tested in frictional contact with the bed,means to revolve the supporting means, means actuated by the revolutionof the supporting means to simultaneously rotate said supporting meansand means to rotate the bed during the revolution and rotation of thesupporting means.

6. In a testing machine the combination with a rotatable bed; of meansperpendicular to the bed to support a specimen to be tested, means torevolve the supporting esaeao means, means actuated by the revolutionofrotate the bed during the revolution and rotation of the supportingmeans. 7

7. In a testing machine the combination with a bed; of means to supporta specimen to be tested in frictional contact with the bed, means tocontinuously revolve the supporting means, means actuated by therevolution of the supportin means to simultaneously and continuous yrotate said supporting means, and means to traverse the supporting meansduring the rotation and revolution thereof.

8. In a testin machine the combination with a movable bed; of means tosupport a specimen to be tested in frictional relation to the bed, meansto revolve the supporting means, means actuated by the revolution of thesupporting means to simultaneously rotate said supporting means aboutits axisand means to traverse the supporting means durin the rotationand-revolution thereof. 9. a testing machine the combination with amovable bed; of means perpendicular to the bed to support a specimen tobe tested, means to revolve the supportin means, means to simultaneouslyrotate said supporting means during the revolution thereof, means tocontinuously nove the bed during the simultaneous revolution androtation of the supporting means, and means to traverse the supportingmeans during the rotation and revolution thereof.

10. In a testing machine the combination with a rotatable bed; of meansto support a specimen to be tested, means to revolve the supportingmeans, means actuated by the.

revolution of the supporting means to simultaneously rotate saldsupporting means, means to rotate the bed during the revolution androtation of the supporting means and means to traverse the supportingmeans during the rotation and revolution thereof.

11. In a testing machine, the combination with a bed and means to rotateit; of a specimen support perpendicular to the bed, a pivoted armextending over and acting on the up r end of the support to force ittoward t e bed, means to adjustably load said arm and means to rotatethe support during the rotation of the bed. a

12. Ina testing machine, the combination with a bed; of a specimensupport perpendicular to the face of the bed, an adjustable, revolubleloading means for the support, constant under all conditions of test,and mechanism to simultaneously rotate and revolve the support, saidloading means engaging and traveling with the support.

13. n a testing machine the combination with a bed; of a specimensupport perpendicular to the bed and free to move longitudinally, meansto load the same, means to rotate and revolve the support, and means Ito traverse the support.

ported drum, a.- stationary gear wheel, a sleeve rotatably mounted inthe. drum, a gear wheel on the sleeve acting as a planet gear withrespect to the stationary gear wheel, a shaft slidably mounted in thesleeve, means to load the shaft and means to rotate the drum.

15. Ina testing machine, a drum, a central pin, on which the drum isrotatably mounted, a plurality of sleeves rotatably mounted in the drum,a stationary gear wheel on the pin, planet gear wheels on the sleeves,shafts slidably mounted in the sleeves, a. collar revoluble about thepin, lever arms pivotally connected to the collar and engaging the endsof the shafts and weights adjustable on the lever arms.

16. In a testing machine, a vertically adjustable rail, a saddlelongitudinally slid able on the rail, a drum in the saddle, a suspendingpin on which the drum revolves, sleeves revolubly mounted in the drum, a

- stationary gear wheel on the pin and lanet gear wheels on the sleeves,shafts shdable but not rotatable in the sleeves, thrust bearings at theupper ends of the shafts, a collar. rotatable in the pin, levers pivotedto the collar and engaging the bearings, weights adjustable on thelevers, means to rotate the drum and means simultaneously to traversethe saddle. I

17. In a testing machine the combination with a bed; of meansperpendicular to the bed to support a specimen to be tested, meansactuated by the revolution of the supporting means to simultaneouslyrotate said supporting means, and means to load the supporting meansduring the rotation and revolution thereof.

18'. In a testing machine the combination with .a bed; of meansperpendicular to the bed .to support a specimen to be tested, meansactuated by the revolution of the supporting means to simultaneouslyrotate said supporting means, and means to adjustably load thesupporting means during the rotation and revolution thereof.

19. In a testing machine the combination with a movable bed; of means tosup ort a specimen to be tested in frictional r ation to the bed, meansto revolve the supporting means, means actuated by the revolution of thesupporting means to simultaneously rotate said supporting means aboutits axis, means to move the bed during the revolution and rotation ofthe supporting means,

'and means to load the supporting means durin the rotation andrevolution thereof.

20. n a testing machine the combination with a movable bed, of meansperpendicular to the bed to support a specimen to be tested, means torevolve the supporting means, means to simultaneously rotate saidsupporting means during the revolution thereof, means to continuouslymove the bed during the simultaneous revolution and rotation of thesupporting means, and weighted lever arms to load the supporting meansduring the rotation thereof.

21. In a testing machine the combination with a rotatable bed; of meansto support a specimen to be tested, means torevolve the supportingmeans, means actuated by the revolution of the supporting means tosimultaneously rotate said supporting means, means to rotate the bedduring the revolution and rotation of the supporting means, and means toload the supporting means during the rotation and revolution thereof.

22. In a testing machine the combination with a rotatable bed; of meansto support a specimen to be tested, means to revolve the supportingmeans, means actuated by the revolution of the supporting means tosimul- 'taneously rotate said supporting means, means torotate the bedduring the revolution and rotation of the supporting means, and Weightedlever arms to load the supporting means during the rotation andrevolution thereof.

23. Ina testing machine the combination with a bed; of means to supporta specimen to be tested, means to revolve the supporting means, meansactuated by the revolution of the sup orting means to simultaneouslyrotate sai supporting means, means to traverse the supporting meansduring the rotation and revolution thereof and means to load thesupporting means, during its traverse, rotation and revolution.

24. In combination, a bed, a spindle free to rise under all conditionsof operation and in operative relation to the bed, means to eaaeaorevolve the spindle, and mechanism actuated by the revolving means torotate the spindle, a pivoted, revoluble arm to load the spindle, saidarm revolving in unison with the spindle, and an anti-friction hearingbetween the arm and spindle.

25. In combination a rotatable bed, a spindle perpendicular to the bedand free to move longitudinally, means to load the spindle, means torevolve the s indle and means actuated by the revolution of "the spindleto rotate it.

26. In combination, a continuously rotatable bed, a spindleperpendicular to the bed and free to move longitudinally, means tocontinuously revolve the spindle, means to continuously rotate it andactuated by revolution of the spindle, and means rotated with thespindle to uniformly load it.

27. In combination, a rotatable bed, a spindle perpendicular to the bedand free to move longitudinally, adjustable means to load the spindle,means to revolve the spindle and means actuated by revolution of thespindle to rotate it.

28. In combination, a continuously rotatable bed, a spindleperpendicular to the bed and free to move longitudinally, means tocontinuously revolve the spindle, means ac tuated by the revolution ofthe spindle to rotate it, means rotated with the spindle to adjustablyand uniformly load it and means to continuously traverse the spindleacross the bed during its rotation and revolution.

In testimony that we claim the foregoing as our invention, we havesigned our names in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

FRANK D. CARNEY. CIIARLES'J. GADD.

Witnesses:

Geo. W. Persons, Homer L. Lrrznmsnno.

